Cardiovascular Prevention and Pharmacotherapy

Review Article

Managing hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia in frail older adults: Jung-Yeon Choi, Cheol-Ho Kim, Kwang-il Kim; Cardiovasc Prev Pharmacother. 2025;7(4):135-140. Published online October 22, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.36011/cpp.2025.7.e16

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Abstract PDF: As the population ages, the prevalence of chronic conditions, such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia, is rapidly increasing, particularly among frail older adults. These conditions share common pathophysiological mechanisms and substantially contribute to the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Effective management is essential for reducing cardiovascular risk; however, older adults present unique challenges, including multimorbidity, polypharmacy, cognitive decline, and functional impairment. Frailty further complicates clinical decision-making and necessitates individualized treatment strategies. This review examines current evidence and clinical guidelines for managing hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia in older adults, with a focus on frailty status. It highlights the importance of assessing functional capacity and life expectancy and prioritizing treatments with favorable risk–benefit profiles. Specific recommendations are discussed according to frailty status, including when to initiate or deintensify therapy. Ultimately, a person-centered, geriatric-informed approach is critical to optimize outcomes and preserve quality of life in this vulnerable population.

Special Article

Geriatric Considerations in the Management of Elderly Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases: Doo Soo Jeon; Cardiovasc Prev Pharmacother. 2021;3(2):38-46. Published online April 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.36011/cpp.2021.3.e6

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most frequently diagnosed disease as well as the leading cause of death in the elderly. It usually results from long-term effects of cardiovascular risk factors as well as the aging process itself. Elderly people commonly have geriatric syndrome, which is an age-specific problem that is complicated by the presence of cardiovascular, cognitive, and physical dysfunction and is accompanied by many other chronic diseases. While caring for the elderly, in addition to CVD, various inherent problems must be considered. The patient-centered approach, instead of evidence-based guidelines that are designed for young adult patients, is the most important concept when it comes to elderly patients with CVD and multiple comorbidities. This approach should be used to maintain the functionality, independence, quality of life, and dignity of these patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Assessment of Quality of Life in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease Using the SF-36, MacNew, and EQ-5D-5L Questionnaires
Aikaterini Chatzinikolaou, Stergios Tzikas, Maria Lavdaniti
Cureus.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

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