Cardiovascular Prevention and Pharmacotherapy

Volume 3(2); April 2021

Special Articles

Diabetes and Heart Failure: Eun-Jung Rhee; Cardiovasc Prev Pharmacother. 2021;3(2):21-30. Published online April 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.36011/cpp.2021.3.e4

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Abstract PDF: Heart failure (HF) in patients with diabetes mellitus has long been considered a consequence of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, recent epidemiological evidence on patients with diabetes showed a significantly increased prevalence of HF in patients with no significant stenosis in the coronary artery. As such, these are thought to be separate entities of diabetic complications. Therefore, HF in patients with diabetes is now considered an independent disease entity of the ‘diabetic heart.’ The mechanism of ‘diabetic heart’ could be due to CAD and diabetic cardiomyopathy caused by altered energy metabolism in the myocardium and advanced glycation end-product accumulation, altered calcium handling, and oxidative stress in the myocardium. Recent cardiovascular outcome trials of anti-diabetic medications have shown the protective effects of certain drugs against HF in patients with and without diabetes. In this review, the relationship between diabetes and the treatment and prevention of HF is summarized.

Inflammation in Metabolic Diseases and Insulin Resistance: Won-Young Lee; Cardiovasc Prev Pharmacother. 2021;3(2):31-37. Published online April 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.36011/cpp.2021.3.e5

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Increased inflammation and insulin resistance are commonly observed in obesity and diabetes. Inflammatory mediators secreted by the adipose tissue contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Free fatty acids and pro-inflammatory cytokines from adipose tissue inhibit the intracellular insulin signaling pathway, further contributing to the progression of diabetes. Meta-analysis studies show that high sensitivity C-reactive protein can be used as a predictor of future all-cause mortality, including cardiovascular and cancer mortality. In addition to the discovery of novel therapeutic methods targeting inflammatory mediators, basic lifestyle interventions, such as regular exercise, healthy eating, and proper weight control, are absolutely crucial for reducing inflammation and preventing mortality.

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Links between oral microbiome and insulin resistance: Involvement of MAP kinase signaling pathway
Yi-Ru Chang, Wen-Chi Cheng, Ya-Chun Hsiao, Guan-Wei Su, Shan-Jen Lin, Yu-Shan Wei, Hsiu-Chuan Chou, Hsiu-Ping Lin, Guan-Yu Lin, Hong-Lin Chan
Biochimie.2023; 214: 134. CrossRef

Geriatric Considerations in the Management of Elderly Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases: Doo Soo Jeon; Cardiovasc Prev Pharmacother. 2021;3(2):38-46. Published online April 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.36011/cpp.2021.3.e6

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Abstract PDF

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most frequently diagnosed disease as well as the leading cause of death in the elderly. It usually results from long-term effects of cardiovascular risk factors as well as the aging process itself. Elderly people commonly have geriatric syndrome, which is an age-specific problem that is complicated by the presence of cardiovascular, cognitive, and physical dysfunction and is accompanied by many other chronic diseases. While caring for the elderly, in addition to CVD, various inherent problems must be considered. The patient-centered approach, instead of evidence-based guidelines that are designed for young adult patients, is the most important concept when it comes to elderly patients with CVD and multiple comorbidities. This approach should be used to maintain the functionality, independence, quality of life, and dignity of these patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Assessment of Quality of Life in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease Using the SF-36, MacNew, and EQ-5D-5L Questionnaires
Aikaterini Chatzinikolaou, Stergios Tzikas, Maria Lavdaniti
Cureus.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

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